https://www.jsetm.ir/ School education in the third millennium en daily 1 Mon, 22 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0330 Mon, 22 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0330 https://www.jsetm.ir/article_224020.html Covering more than two-thirds of the Earth’s surface, the oceans are among the most important and complex natural systems on our planet. These vast expanses of water not only host millions of living species, but also play a key role in producing oxygen, storing carbon, regulating the global climate, and providing food and medicine. From life in the dark depths to algae on the surface, every component of the ocean represents a complex and mysterious order. In these boundless expanses, creatures live, many of which are still unknown to humans and have unique characteristics. Many new technologies in medicine and engineering have been inspired by marine creatures. In addition to their vital role in the environment, the oceans have inspired the literature, art, music, and legends of various peoples throughout human history. In today’s world, with increasing pollution and climate change, preserving and recognizing these water resources seems more necessary than ever. The purpose of this article is to familiarize teenagers with the scientific, biological, and cultural wonders of the oceans, as well as to emphasize the importance of protecting these valuable resources. The research method is based on library studies and reviewing reliable Persian sources, and the content of the article is organized in simple but scientific language https://www.jsetm.ir/article_224254.html Plants are one of the most important elements of the Earth's natural ecosystems, which play a key role in the sustainability of life, biological balance, oxygen production, maintenance of natural cycles, and food supply. This article examines the multilayered role of plants in the ecosystem with a scientific and educational approach, in simple and understandable language for adolescents, especially sixth grade students. In addition to examining processes such as photosynthesis, primary production, carbon fixation, role in the water cycle, and interaction with other living organisms, the negative effects of reducing vegetation cover and its consequences are also examined. The research method included reviewing reputable Persian scientific sources and analyzing educational content adaptable to the age needs of adolescents. The findings show that adolescents' awareness of the role of plants can lead to positive environmental behaviors and participation in the conservation of natural resources. Finally, by providing suggestions for promoting adolescents' participation in plant protection, the importance of environmental education at elementary ages is emphasized. https://www.jsetm.ir/article_224260.html Recycling is one of the most important ways to deal with environmental crises and reduce land pollution. Today, with the increase in population and excessive consumption of natural resources, waste has become a global problem. By returning usable materials to the production cycle, recycling not only reduces the volume of waste but also prevents the waste of natural resources, energy, and water. This process is not only beneficial for the environment, but can also lead to job creation and the prosperity of green industries. In fact, recycling is a bridge between nature conservation and economic productivity. Raising awareness among adolescents, as the future generation, about the importance of recycling can play an important role in changing the consumption behavior of society. This article attempts to examine the basic concepts of recycling, its benefits, and its vital role in the daily lives of adolescents in a simple and scientific manner. The positive effects of recycling on reducing air, soil, and water pollution are also introduced along with successful examples from different countries. The research method is based on library studies and a review of reliable Persian sources. https://www.jsetm.ir/article_224275.html The moon was one of the first objects that humans observed and imagined with the naked eye. This natural satellite, which is located at an average distance of 384,400 kilometers from Earth, is the only object that humans have set foot on. But what makes the moon even more amazing is its extensive effects on the Earth itself and its inhabitants. As the Earth's only natural satellite, the moon has long been of interest to humans. Human interest in the moon has long been influential in beliefs and traditions, and even in determining the time of planting crops and animal behavior. This close relationship with the Earth's moon has led to numerous studies in the fields of astronomy, climatology, psychology and anthropology. The effects of this celestial body are not limited to night beauty; they also play a role in life on Earth, the regulation of tides, the timing of calendars, cultures and even biological processes. This article, with a comprehensive approach, examines the various aspects of the Moon's effects on Earth and, citing Persian scientific and cultural sources, familiarizes the audience with the scientific facts and astronomical attractions of this phenomenon. https://www.jsetm.ir/article_224417.html In today’s world, one of the biggest changes in education is the shift from traditional teaching models to active learning methods. Old teaching methods, where the teacher was the only speaker and the student was a passive listener, no longer meet the needs of the new generation. In such methods, learning became a one-way, dry and sometimes boring process that often reduced student motivation. However, with the emergence of new educational methods, the role of students has changed from a mere receiver to an active learner. In active methods, students achieve a deeper understanding of concepts through group activities, creative projects, dialogue, educational games, critical thinking and practical experiences. This article attempts to familiarize adolescents with the fundamental differences between traditional teaching and active methods in a simple and clear language, examines the advantages and challenges of these methods, and demonstrates the importance of the active participation of students, teachers, and families in this educational transformation. It also provides examples of the use of active methods in classrooms and their impact on the intellectual, social, and academic development of adolescents. https://www.jsetm.ir/article_224465.html In today's world, one of the biggest environmental and economic challenges is land pollution and imbalance in energy consumption and production. The excessive use of fossil fuels such as oil, gas, and coal has led to increased air pollution, global warming, ozone layer depletion, and depletion of natural resources. These limited resources are rapidly running out, and their improper use has caused numerous problems for the health of humans and other living beings. In the meantime, renewable energies such as solar, wind, hydro, biomass, and geothermal energy have been proposed as an effective solution to reduce these problems. These types of energies are clean, inexhaustible, accessible, and environmentally friendly. In this article, in simple and informative language, teenagers are shown how the use of renewable energies can help reduce environmental pollution, reduce greenhouse gases, balance energy consumption, provide sustainable energy for the future, and improve the quality of life. The challenges and solutions for developing these energies in Iran and the world have also been examined, and the role of adolescents in raising awareness, creating culture, and participating in environmental protection has also been considered. https://www.jsetm.ir/article_224466.html In today's world, where the water scarcity crisis is one of the biggest environmental, economic, and social challenges, the use of modern irrigation methods has been proposed as a fundamental solution to preserve the country's water resources. In many regions of the world, especially arid and semi-arid countries like Iran, water resources are limited and the demand for water consumption is increasing day by day. In recent decades, Iran has faced the phenomenon of successive droughts, declining groundwater levels, and severe water shortages, which have put this environmental situation in a critical situation. According to a report by the country's Environmental Organization, more than 300 plains in Iran are in a critical or prohibited state. This crisis affects not only agriculture, but also people's livelihoods, community health, and natural ecosystems. Traditional irrigation, with its excessive water waste, soil erosion, and reduced productivity, cannot meet the needs of modern agriculture and food security. In contrast, modern irrigation, using advanced technologies, optimizes water distribution, conserves resources, and improves the quality of agricultural products. This article attempts to examine, in simple and scientific language, the role of modern irrigation in reducing water consumption, increasing productivity, and protecting the environment. https://www.jsetm.ir/article_224467.html The Earth, home to us humans and millions of other species, has a complex and amazing structure. The planet is made up of different layers, each of which plays a specific role in sustaining life. Understanding these layers not only gives us a better understanding of earthquakes, volcanoes, and continental drift, but also familiarizes us with how our planet was formed. In this article, the internal structure of the Earth, including the crust, mantle, outer core, and inner core, is examined, and the characteristics of each part are explained in simple language for teenagers. The role of these structures in natural phenomena and their impact on human life are also explained. The article is based on reliable Persian sources and aims to increase teenagers' scientific knowledge and curiosity about the planet Earth. The reality is that the Earth, like an egg, is made up of several layers, which, from the outside to the inside, include the crust, mantle, outer core, and inner core. These layers were formed by millions of years of geological changes, and studying them can provide us with a deeper insight into the Earth's structure and its natural processes. https://www.jsetm.ir/article_224468.html Stones are one of the main components of the Earth and have played a vital role in human life since ancient times. From primitive tools to modern construction, from ornamental jewelry to medicinal raw materials, stones have always accompanied mankind. This article aims to familiarize teenagers with the types of stones, their applications in daily life, architecture, medicine, industry and culture. The research method is based on library studies of reliable Persian sources. The article is written in simple and understandable language for teenagers to familiarize them with the values ​​hidden in the heart of stones.In addition to the above, stones have played a decisive role in the formation of human civilizations. From the pyramids of Egypt to the ancient temples of Iran, from the paved roads of ancient Rome to the castles of medieval Europe, all of them are evidence of the importance of this natural element. Stones are not only construction tools, but also living documents of the Earth's past, recording the history of millions of years of biological and geological changes. With the development of technology, the use of stones in fields such as nanotechnology, electronics, new energies and pharmaceuticals has also increased.This article attempts to invite teenagers to the wonderful world of stones by providing scientific, factual and at the same time attractive information; a world that, upon closer inspection, is full of mysteries and inspiration for scientific and artistic creativity. https://www.jsetm.ir/article_224469.html Aquatic plants, especially those that live in the oceans, are among the most important elements of life on Earth. These plants, ranging from microscopic algae to large plants such as seagrasses, play a fundamental role in oxygen production, carbon dioxide absorption, ecological balance, and the food chain of marine animals. They perform a significant part of global photosynthesis and are effective in combating the phenomenon of global warming. The importance of these plants is not limited to their biological function, but they are also known as shelter, food source, and even natural pharmacists. Some algae have medicinal compounds and are also used in the pharmaceutical and food industries. This article was prepared with the aim of familiarizing teenagers with the key role of these plants, their ways of life, and their relationship with marine organisms, and attempts to introduce the underwater world from the perspective of plants in a simple and scientific language. The threats these plants face, such as pollution, rising water temperatures, and destruction of seabeds, are also examined so that teenagers, as the next generation, can take an informed view of protecting the marine environment. https://www.jsetm.ir/article_224470.html In advanced educational systems, one of the effective methods for enhancing students' learning and interest in mathematics is the use of creative teaching models. For many students at a young age, mathematics is considered a difficult and dry subject, but by using modern teaching methods such as mathematical games, storytelling, practical projects, and activity-based learning, this mentality can be changed and mathematics can be turned into one of the most attractive subjects. These methods allow students to be actively involved in the learning process, not only to better understand the concepts but also to gain more self-confidence. The use of creative models makes students feel that learning mathematics is part of their daily lives and not a dry and purely academic task. With these methods, the teacher plays the role of a guide and facilitator, rather than a mere transmitter of knowledge. The purpose of this article is to examine new creative teaching methods in elementary mathematics, their impact on student motivation and learning, and to provide practical suggestions for applying these methods in the classroom. https://www.jsetm.ir/article_224471.html Healthy nutrition is one of the most important factors in the growth, energy, and health of adolescents. Among various foods, sugars and fats play a very important role; both as energy sources and as risk factors if consumed in excess. Although the human body needs certain amounts of sugar and fat, their excessive consumption can have irreparable effects on the functioning of various organs of the body. This article attempts to examine, in simple and understandable language for adolescents, especially sixth grade students, the positive and negative effects of sugar and fat on the health of vital organs of the body such as the heart, brain, liver, and kidneys. This review also explains the role of eating habits in causing diseases and simple strategies for prevention. By reviewing reliable scientific and educational sources, adolescents are helped to make better decisions about their nutrition and prevent diseases such as obesity, diabetes, and heart problems. https://www.jsetm.ir/article_224472.html Insects, despite their small size, are one of the most important groups of living organisms in Earth's ecosystems. They play a key role in biological cycles, plant pollination, pest control, decomposition of organic matter, and nutrition of other organisms. Due to the growth of the human population, the expansion of urbanization, the excessive use of chemical pesticides, and the destruction of natural habitats, the population of many insect species is decreasing. This decrease can have widespread effects on the health of nature and human life. This article attempts to explain the various roles of insects in maintaining the balance of nature, their importance in agriculture, biodiversity, and the threats that humans have unintentionally created for them, in simple and scientific language for teenagers. Methods for protecting beneficial insects are also introduced so that teenagers can play an active role in preserving the environment. This awareness can increase the attention of the younger generation to protecting biodiversity and participating in environmental programs. https://www.jsetm.ir/article_225176.html Groundwater is one of the most important and vital water sources in the world. These resources are usually formed by rainwater penetrating deep into the earth and being stored in porous layers of soil and rock, and in many areas they are used as the only source of drinking water, agriculture, and industry. However, in recent years, excessive and irresponsible extraction of groundwater has caused serious crises in various sectors of human life and nature. Decreasing water levels in wells, drying up of canals, land subsidence, destruction of vegetation, and reduced biodiversity are just some of these consequences. This article aims to increase awareness among adolescents and examines the structure of groundwater, the main causes of excessive extraction, its negative effects on the environment and humans, and provides solutions for the principled and sustainable use of these valuable resources. As the future builders of society, teenagers can play an effective role in preserving natural resources by better understanding these issues. The importance of optimal water consumption, educating families, and utilizing modern irrigation methods are among the solutions that are expressed in simple and understandable language in this article. https://www.jsetm.ir/article_225175.html Chemical fertilizers are tools used in modern agriculture to increase the growth and production of agricultural products. With the increase in population, the need to produce more agricultural products has increased significantly. To achieve this goal, farmers have turned to modern methods such as chemical fertilizers. These fertilizers deliver nutrients directly to plants and make them grow faster. These fertilizers include substances such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, which meet the nutritional needs of plants. Although the use of chemical fertilizers has helped increase agricultural production, their excessive and incorrect use can cause serious damage to soil, water, the environment and human health. This article examines the advantages and disadvantages of using chemical fertilizers, their impact on the environment and human health, as well as solutions to reduce their negative effects. The purpose of this article is to familiarize teenagers with an important topic in the field of nutrition and the environment so that they can make decisions in the field of agriculture and nutrition with a more informed perspective in the future.